Edited the above post so it actually makes sense when read:
Here's a good thought experiment I thought of that makes you think about gravity and the nature of objects in motion:
When you jump straight up in the air, you more or less land in the same spot you jumped from - No matter how high you jump, the spot you jumped from should be beneath you considering you jumped at rest relative to the Earth.. but what if you hypothetically jumped straight up hundreds of kilometers? Is the location on Earth that you jumped from still going to be directly beneath you? If it's always directly beneath you, and the Earth is rotating, wouldn't that appear to everything else in the solar system as flying around the Earth in a circle at impossible speeds, completing a distance of one circle around the Earth in the same time as Earth making a full rotation?

That can't happen.. can it? Well, it actually does happen, but not like that - it happened to objects in orbit around the Earth when they initially launched off. However, due to the spacecraft having to continuously accelerate to escape Earth's orbit and not fall back down to it, the spot on Earth directly below you changes with the ship's change in velocity. However, if you hypothetically jumped up 300km into space, and we eliminated factors like air/wind and not being able to jump 'perfectly straight up', and if the speed you're jumping into the air at doesn't exceed the Earth's escape velocity, you will land in the same spot you jumped from.