T'as une tête a faire sauter les plaques d'egoutsLe Savant syndrome is poorly understood. No widely accepted cognitive theory explains savants' combination of talent and deficit.[2] It has been suggested that individuals with autism are biased towards detail-focused processing and that this cognitive style predisposes both individuals with and without autism to savant talents.[3] Another hypothesis is that savants hyper-systemize, predisposing them to show talent. Hyper-systemizing is an extreme state in the empathizing–systemizing theory that classifies people based on their skills in empathizing with others versus systemizing facts about the external world.[4] Also, the attention to detail shown by many savants may be a consequence of enhanced perception or sensory hypersensitivity in individuals with autism.[4][5] It has also been suggested that savants operate by directly accessing low-level, less-processed information that exists in all human brains but is normally unavailable to conscious awareness.[6]
Le Epidemiology
One in ten people with autism have savant skills.[1]
50% of savants have autism; the other 50% often have psychological disorders or mental illnesses.[1]
Prodigious savants have very significant disorder and disability. Examples include Richard Wawro, Henriett Seth F., and Jonathan Lerman.
A 2009 British study of 137 parents of autistic children found that 28% believed their offspring met the criteria for a savant skill, defined as a skill or power "at a level that would be unusual even for normal people".[7]
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